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Folia Morphologica 2018Tinnitus is the recognition of sound in the absence of any external auditory stimulus to the noise of ringing in the ears. Middle ear aeration carries important role for...
BACKGROUND
Tinnitus is the recognition of sound in the absence of any external auditory stimulus to the noise of ringing in the ears. Middle ear aeration carries important role for ossicular coupling and normal hearing. There is restricted morphometric data on the cases with bilateral tinnitus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study we evaluated hearing findings of 18 cases with subjective nonpulsatile bilateral tinnitus and also morphometry and volumetry of temporal bone substructures on the computed tomography images using stereological method compared with the gender and age matched 12 healthy subjects. Duration of tinnitus, exposing acoustic trauma or/and high level noise levels, evaluation of middle ear volume, jugular bulb levels, distances between jugular bulb and both oval window and middle ear were evaluated.
RESULTS
Both males and females with tinnitus showed worse hearing thresholds through bone and air conductions than healthy subjects but it was not statistically significant. Pure tone thresholds through bone and air conductions were not statistically different in both sexes with bilateral tinnitus. Right middle ear volume of the cases with bilateral tinnitus was mean 5.57 cm3 for males and 5.64 cm3 for females; and also the left middle ear volume of the cases with bilateral tinnitus was mean 5.87 cm3 for males and 5.65 cm3 for females. There were no significant differences between the cases with bilateral tinnitus and the control subjects according to the side of the body.
CONCLUSIONS
The data on the hearing findings and morphometrical evaluation of the cases with bilateral tinnitus may be important for anatomists and clinicians. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 1: 57-64).
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Hearing; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Temporal Bone; Tinnitus; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 28653305
DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2017.0057 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2022Fibrous dysplasia is a benign disorder, in which normal bone is replaced by fibrosis and immature bone trabeculae, showing a similar distribution between the genders,...
INTRODUCTION
Fibrous dysplasia is a benign disorder, in which normal bone is replaced by fibrosis and immature bone trabeculae, showing a similar distribution between the genders, and being more prevalent in the earlier decades of life. Fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone is a rare condition, and there is no consensus as to whether it is more common in monostotic or polyostotic forms. External auditory meatus stenosis and conductive dysacusis are the most common manifestations, with cholesteatoma being a common complication, whereas the involvement of the otic capsule is an unusual one. Surgical treatment is indicated to control pain or dysacusis, otorrhea, cholesteatoma, and deformity.
OBJECTIVES
To describe the clinical experience of a tertiary referral hospital with cases of fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone.
METHODS
Sampling of patients diagnosed with fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone, confirmed by tomography, treated at the pediatric otology and otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinics, between 2015 and 2018. The assessed variables were age, gender, laterality, external auditory meatus stenosis, deformity, hearing loss, presence of secondary cholesteatoma of the external auditory meatus, lesion extension and management.
RESULTS
Five patients were included, four females and one male, with age ranging from 13 to 34 years. Three had the polyostotic form and two the monostotic form of fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone. Four patients had local deformity and external auditory meatus stenosis, two of which progressed to cholesteatoma. All patients showed some degree of hearing impairment. All had preserved otic capsule at the tomography. Two patients are currently undergoing clinical observation; two were submitted to tympanomastoidectomy due to secondary cholesteatoma; one was submitted to lesion resection, aiming to control the dysacusis progression.
CONCLUSION
Five cases of fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone were described, a rare disorder of which the otologist should be aware.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Cholesteatoma; Constriction, Pathologic; Female; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone; Hearing Disorders; Humans; Male; Temporal Bone; Young Adult
PubMed: 32800741
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.05.027 -
Folia Morphologica 2023The main objective of the present study was to analyse the morphological variations of the air spaces of the temporal bone, that is, the pneumatized and air-filled...
BACKGROUND
The main objective of the present study was to analyse the morphological variations of the air spaces of the temporal bone, that is, the pneumatized and air-filled spaces of the temporal bone cavities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 99 sides were analysed. Temporal bone pneumatic spaces (TBPS) were defined as the free spaces inside the cavities of the temporal bone filled with air, excluding the volume of the structures present in the investigated region. Total volumes of TBPS were calculated as the sum of total volumes of mastoid air cells (MAC), tympanic cavity (TC), and external auditory canal (EAC). Analyses were performed considering the general population and the female and male subgroups.
RESULTS
The overall results obtained on Polish population were set as follows: the median total volume of TBPS was demonstrated at 7882.58 mm3 (lower quartile [LQ]: 6200.56 mm3; higher quartile [HQ]: 10393.16 mm3). The median volume of MAC was set at 5813.05 mm3 (LQ: 4224.94 mm3; HQ: 8181.81 mm3). The median of the total volume of the EAC was demonstrated at 1294.36 mm3 (LQ: 1099.68 mm3; HQ: 1627.84 mm3).
CONCLUSIONS
In the present study, the morphometric properties of the temporal bone cavities were analysed. The results showed that the total volume of the MAC was, on average, lower in women than in men. This should be taken into account when performing procedures on the mastoid, such as mastoidectomies. It is hoped that the results of this study can help reduce potential surgical complications associated with otological procedures.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Temporal Bone; Mastoid; Ear, Middle; Ear Canal
PubMed: 36385426
DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2022.0093 -
BMC Medical Imaging Nov 2021Segmentation of important structures in temporal bone CT is the basis of image-guided otologic surgery. Manual segmentation of temporal bone CT is time- consuming and...
BACKGROUND
Segmentation of important structures in temporal bone CT is the basis of image-guided otologic surgery. Manual segmentation of temporal bone CT is time- consuming and laborious. We assessed the feasibility and generalization ability of a proposed deep learning model for automated segmentation of critical structures in temporal bone CT scans.
METHODS
Thirty-nine temporal bone CT volumes including 58 ears were divided into normal (n = 20) and abnormal groups (n = 38). Ossicular chain disruption (n = 10), facial nerve covering vestibular window (n = 10), and Mondini dysplasia (n = 18) were included in abnormal group. All facial nerves, auditory ossicles, and labyrinths of the normal group were manually segmented. For the abnormal group, aberrant structures were manually segmented. Temporal bone CT data were imported into the network in unmarked form. The Dice coefficient (DC) and average symmetric surface distance (ASSD) were used to evaluate the accuracy of automatic segmentation.
RESULTS
In the normal group, the mean values of DC and ASSD were respectively 0.703, and 0.250 mm for the facial nerve; 0.910, and 0.081 mm for the labyrinth; and 0.855, and 0.107 mm for the ossicles. In the abnormal group, the mean values of DC and ASSD were respectively 0.506, and 1.049 mm for the malformed facial nerve; 0.775, and 0.298 mm for the deformed labyrinth; and 0.698, and 1.385 mm for the aberrant ossicles.
CONCLUSIONS
The proposed model has good generalization ability, which highlights the promise of this approach for otologist education, disease diagnosis, and preoperative planning for image-guided otology surgery.
Topics: Datasets as Topic; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Neural Networks, Computer; Surgery, Computer-Assisted; Temporal Bone; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 34753454
DOI: 10.1186/s12880-021-00698-x -
Radiologia 2019Fractures of the petrous part of the temporal bone are a common lesion of the base of the skull; most of these fractures result from high-energy trauma. In patients with... (Review)
Review
Fractures of the petrous part of the temporal bone are a common lesion of the base of the skull; most of these fractures result from high-energy trauma. In patients with multiple trauma, these injuries can be detected on CT scans of the head and neck, where the direct and indirect signs are usually sufficient to establish the diagnosis. It is important to these fractures because the temporal bone has critical structures and the complexity of this region increases the risk of error unless special care is taken. This article reviews the key anatomical points, the systematization of the imaging findings, and the classifications used for temporal bone fracture. We emphasize the usefulness of identifying and describing the findings in relation to important structures in this region, of looking for unseen fractures suspected through indirect signs, and of identifying anatomical structures that can simulate fractures. We point out that the classical classifications of these fractures are less useful, although they continue to be used for treatment decisions.
Topics: Cochlea; Ear; Ear Canal; Ear Ossicles; Facial Nerve; Facial Nerve Injuries; Humans; Petrous Bone; Skull Fractures; Symptom Assessment; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 30777299
DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2018.12.005 -
BMC Medical Imaging Jul 2022Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has become an important tool for the detection of cholesteatoma. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of 2D BLADE turbo...
BACKGROUND
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has become an important tool for the detection of cholesteatoma. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of 2D BLADE turbo gradient- and spin-echo imaging (TGSE BLADE) DWI in the quantitative diagnosis of recurrent temporal bone cholesteatoma (CS).
METHODS
From March 2018 to October 2021, 67 patients with suspected recurrence of temporal bone CS after assessment by clinical otorhinolaryngologists who had undergone previous ear surgery for CS were prospectively evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two radiologist assessed images independently. Quantitative parameters such as signal intensity ratio (SIR) calculated using, as a reference, the inferior temporal cortex (SIRT) and the background noise (SIRN), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, and ADC ratio (with pons as reference) measured on TGSE BLADE sequences were assessed. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal threshold and diagnostic performance for diagnosing recurrent CS were determined. Pair-wise comparison of the ROC curves was performed using the area under the ROC curve (AUC).
RESULTS
Finally, 44 patients were included in this study, including 25 CS and 19 non-cholesteatoma (NCS). Mean SIRT and mean SIRN on TGSE BLADE DWI were significantly higher for CS than NCS lesions (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, mean ADC values and mean ADC ratios on ADC maps were significantly lower in the CS group than in the NCS group (p < 0.001). According to ROC analysis, the diagnostic efficacy of quantitative parameters such as SIRT (AUC = 0.967), SIRN (AUC = 0.979), ADC value (AUC = 1.0), and ADC ratio (AUC = 0.983) was significantly better than that of qualitative DWI (AUC = 0.867; p = 0.007, 0.009, 0.011 and 0.037, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Residual/recurrent temporal bone CS can be accurately detected using quantitative evaluation of TGSE BLADE DWI.
Topics: Humans; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; ROC Curve; Sensitivity and Specificity; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 35883055
DOI: 10.1186/s12880-022-00860-z -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... Dec 2018To evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Computed Tomography (CT) reconstructions of human temporal bones compared... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Computed Tomography (CT) reconstructions of human temporal bones compared with in situ measurements.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Experimental anatomical study of 10 human temporal bones. Wilcoxon's test was used to compare 8 distances on each temporal bone measured in situ and then on 3D CT and CBCT reconstructions. Six landmarks were used: external auditory canal (EAC), tip of the mastoid process, tip of the occiput, zygoma, a point situated 1cm above the tip of the mastoid process (T0) (open technique: lower limit of the mastoidectomy), head of stapes.
RESULTS
No significant difference was observed between the 3 measuring techniques for any of the distances studied (P>0.05).
DISCUSSION
This study demonstrates the equivalence of CBCT and CT for temporal bone measurements.
CONCLUSION
CBCT is a new imaging modality providing 3D reconstructions of the temporal bone that are as reliable as those obtained by CT. As a result of better spatial resolution compared to CT, CBCT is associated with a significantly lower radiation dose. This technique constitutes a morphological progress, as CBCT is comparable to CT, allowing investigation of pathological ears with a lower radiation dose.
Topics: Anatomic Landmarks; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Temporal Bone; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30220575
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2018.08.013 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Mar 2018We aimed to evaluate the clinical and imaging presentations of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in the pediatric temporal bone.
BACKGROUND
We aimed to evaluate the clinical and imaging presentations of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in the pediatric temporal bone.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 27 pediatric cases with pathological confirmed LCH of the temporal bone. The clinical and imaging features of the cases were analyzed. The involvement of ossicular chain and otic capsule was also evaluated.
RESULTS
A total of 38 lesions (27 cases) with 11 bilateral involvement were identified. For the 27 cases, the most common complaint was periauricular swelling (12/27, 44.4%), followed by otorrhea (9/27, 33.3%) and otalgia (5/27, 18.2%). The mastoid process was the most common involved subsite (31/38, 81.6%) among the 38 lesions. Ten (26.3%, 10/38) lesions belonged to the group of the diffuse involvement, 22 (57.9%, 22/38) were divided into the group of partial involvement and six (15.8%,6/38) localized lesions with punched-out appearance. Erosion of ossicular chains and otic capsule were found in three and seven lesions respectively.
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that the most common subsite for LCH of the pediatric temporal bone was the mastoid process. The location and extent of pediatric LCH of the temporal bone varied a lot between each other. The ossicular chains usually remain intact and the erosion of otic capsule can occur in some lesions.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Infant; Male; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Temporal Bone; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 29587787
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1366-x -
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Jan 2021Postoperative temporal bone imaging after surgical procedures such as ossiculoplasty, tympanomastoidectomy, cochlear implantation, and vestibular schwannoma resection is... (Review)
Review
Postoperative temporal bone imaging after surgical procedures such as ossiculoplasty, tympanomastoidectomy, cochlear implantation, and vestibular schwannoma resection is often encountered in clinical neuroradiology practice. Less common otologic procedures can present diagnostic dilemmas, particularly if access to prior operative reports is not possible. Lack of familiarity with the less common surgical procedures and expected postoperative changes may render radiologic interpretation challenging. This review illustrates key imaging findings after surgery for Ménière disease, superior semicircular canal dehiscence, temporal encephalocele repairs, internal auditory canal decompression, active middle ear implants, jugular bulb and sigmoid sinus dehiscence repair, and petrous apicectomy.
Topics: Cranial Sinuses; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Otologic Surgical Procedures; Skull Base; Temporal Bone; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33184072
DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A6802 -
The Medical Journal of Malaysia Sep 2021Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is a rare head and neck malignancy with the incidence 0.8 -1.0 cases in 1 million population. We are reporting a case...
Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is a rare head and neck malignancy with the incidence 0.8 -1.0 cases in 1 million population. We are reporting a case series on the TBSCC cases that were operated on at Sarawak General Hospital, Malaysia. Ten patients were identified and collected with the presentation and type of surgery performed. It has been challenging for us to manage with recorded 2 years surviving in 6 out of 10 patients operated within this period. An adequate management with proper surgical resection of tumour and radiotherapy can extend the life expectancy for TBSCC patients.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 34508382
DOI: No ID Found